The Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP) defines that objects of a base class /superclass should be replaceable with objects of a derived class /subclass without affecting the correctness of the program. In other words, a subclass should be able to substitute its superclass without altering the desirable properties of the program.
The Interface Segregation Principle (ISP) advocates that a class should not be forced to implement interfaces it does not use. In other words, a class should not be required to implement methods it does not need.
Reduced Coupling: Clients are not forced to depend on interfaces they do not use. Maintainability: Changes to one interface do not impact unrelated parts of the system.
The Dependency Inversion Principle (DIP) emphasizes that high-level modules (e.g., business logic) should not depend on low-level modules (e.g., data storage details); both should depend on abstractions (e.g., interfaces). Additionally, abstractions should not depend on details; details should depend on abstractions.
The idea of organizing code around “objects” and “messages” can be traced back to the 1950s. Early programming languages like Fortran and Lisp laid the groundwork for procedural programming, but the concept of objects as encapsulated data structures with associated behavior had not yet fully emerged.
Simula, a programming language developed in the 1960s by Ole-Johan Dahl and Kristen Nygaard in Norway, is often credited as the first programming language to support object-oriented programming concepts. It introduced the idea of classes and objects, which became fundamental to OOP.
Smalltalk, was developed at the company Xerox PARC in the 1970s by Alan Kay and others, was a highly influential programming language. It introduced the concept of a pure object-oriented language, where everything is an object, and communication between objects is achieved through message passing.
C++, created by Bjarne Stroustrup in the early 1980s, is an extension of the C programming language that introduced classes, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. It played a significant role in popularizing object-oriented programming and is still widely used today.
Objective-C, developed by Brad Cox and Tom Love in the early 1980s, added Smalltalk-style object-oriented features to the C programming language. It gained prominence in the Apple ecosystem and was the primary language for macOS and iOS development for many years.
Java, created by James Gosling and others at Sun Microsystems in the mid-1990s, became a major player in the world of object-oriented programming. It combined features from C++ with a simplified and platform-independent approach. Java’s “Write Once, Run Anywhere” philosophy contributed to its widespread adoption.
C#, developed by Microsoft in the early 2000s, is another language influenced by C++ and Java. It was designed for building Windows applications and web services on the .NET framework. C# includes features such as properties, events, and LINQ that enhance object-oriented development.
Python, although not initially designed as an object-oriented language, adopted and embraced OOP principles. The language’s simplicity and readability, combined with its support for OOP concepts, contributed to its popularity in various domains.
In recent years, there has been an increasing focus on functional programming, which complements object-oriented programming. Additionally, languages like Kotlin and Swift have introduced modern features to improve OOP, such as extension functions and improved type inference.
The evolution of object-oriented programming has been characterized by the refinement and expansion of OOP concepts, the development of new languages, and the adaptation of OOP principles to different programming paradigms. OOP remains a fundamental and widely used approach in software development today.
In the ever-evolving landscape of technology, software engineers stand at the forefront, driving innovation and shaping the digital future. As demand for their skills skyrockets, understanding the nuances of software engineer salaries becomes crucial for professionals and employers.
Experience is a currency that pays dividends. Years of expertise and specialized skills directly impact earning potential, and discover the power of staying abreast of the latest technologies to catapult your salary to new heights.
Wolfram Alpha data for 2022 shows a salary range of about 71,000 to 198,000. Software engineer salary at the junior level is the lower end, with the most experience at the higher end. Some technologies that are in use may command higher pay.
Uncover the geographical dynamics of software engineer salaries. From the bustling tech hubs to the remote corners of the globe, delve into the disparities in compensation and the role of cost-of-living adjustments in shaping salary structures.
The industry you choose can be a decisive factor in your earning potential. From finance to healthcare, examine the salary variances across different sectors and understand how the size and culture of a company play pivotal roles in determining compensation.
Essential Software Development Career + Technical GuideRemote work can impact your salary as your company may choose to pay a national salary average or a regional average for your area, which can be less than if you were at one of the offices.
Stay ahead by checking out the latest industry surveys. Unearth key findings and leverage this knowledge to make informed decisions about your career and compensation.
Discover the secrets to career growth and salary advancement. Uncover the role of continued education and certifications in propelling your earning potential to new heights.
As you navigate the intricate realm of software engineer salaries, armed with insights into trends, negotiations, and global perspectives, remember that staying informed is the key to unlocking a rewarding and lucrative career in the ever-evolving tech industry.
SQL, which means Structured Query Language, is a specialized programming language created for managing relational databases. It serves as the communication bridge between databases and the applications that interact with them. SQL facilitates tasks such as data retrieval, insertion, modification, and deletion, offering a standardized method for interacting with databases.
In the realm of database management, Structured Query Language (SQL) stands as the cornerstone for organizing, accessing, and manipulating data. In this article, we will untangle the intricacies of SQL, exploring its origins, key components, syntax, and its pivotal role in relational databases.
SELECT: Retrieving data from one or more tables. INSERT: Adding new records to a table. UPDATE: Modifying existing data. DELETE: Removing records from a table.
Understanding SQL syntax is fundamental for effective database interaction. Commands such as SELECT, FROM, WHERE, and ORDER BY play pivotal roles in crafting queries. A grasp of SQL statements and clauses empowers users to extract precisely the data they need.
SQL’s significance is particularly pronounced in relational databases, where it acts as the language governing the creation and management of tables, relationships, and data integrity. This section will delve into the relational model and how SQL facilitates efficient data organization.
Choosing the right data types is crucial for maintaining data integrity. This section will explore common data types in SQL, emphasizing their impact on storage, performance, and data accuracy.
Transactions ensure data consistency in database operations. Here, we’ll explore the significance of transactions in SQL and how COMMIT and ROLLBACK statements maintain data integrity.
In concluding this exploration of SQL, we recap its foundational elements, highlight its significance in data-driven decision-making, and encourage further exploration and learning in the ever-evolving world of Structured Query Language. Unlock the power of SQL and propel your understanding of database management to new heights.
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Agile retrospectives are structured sessions held at the end of each iteration or sprint, allowing teams to review their recent work and collaboratively identify what went well, what could be improved, and how to implement those improvements in the next iteration.
In the fast-paced world of Agile development, embracing change and fostering continuous improvement is key to delivering high-quality products. Agile retrospectives, a cornerstone of the Agile methodology, provide the team a way to review their work, find areas to improve, and implement changes. In this article, we’ll delve into the intricacies of Agile retrospectives, exploring their significance, best practices, and how they contribute to the success of Agile teams.
Agile methodologies dominate the software development landscape, Agile retrospectives stand as a linchpin for teams striving to enhance collaboration, adaptability, and product quality. By embracing the principles and best practices outlined in this guide, teams can transform retrospectives into a powerful tool for continuous improvement, ensuring they deliver value to their customers with each iteration.